Hemmeroids are dilated or bulging veins of the rectum and anus. Hemmeroids are somewhat similar to varicose veins that develop in the legs, only that hemmeroids are veins located in the anus.

Hemmeroid causes: When the blood veins around your rectum and anus become swollen and inflamed. Most common reason behind the swelling and inflammation is higher than normal pressure, usually due to constipation and straining during defecation. Hemmeroids often develop during pregnancy because of the pressure the fetus exerts in the abdominal area, as well as the hormonal changes that cause the veins to enlarge. Also stress is another cause of hemoroid.

Hemmeroid symptoms: Are most commonly referred to anal itching, anal ache or pain, especially while sitting , appearance of bright red blood on toilet tissue or stool, pain during constipation and hard tender lumps near the anus.

Hemmeroid Diagnosis: To diagnose hemmeroid, the doctor will insert a thin tube-like instrument called an anoscope into the lower few inches of the rectum. To look for other sources of bleeding, the doctor may perform a colonoscopy - an examination of the inside of the colon. Or a sigmoidoscopy - an examination of the rectum and the last part of the colon.
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Internal Hemmeroids
internal hemmeroids picInternal hemmeroids basically develop inside the passageway of the anus above the dentate line. Internal hemmeroids often are small, swollen veins in the wall of the anal canal. But this small hemmeroid can become large, sagging veins that bulge out of the anus all the time. This internal hemmeroid can be painful if they bulge out and are pressed when sitting for a longer period. Internal hemmeroids may also be very painful if the blood supply to the hemmeroid is cut off. If hemmeroids bulge out, you also may see mucus on the toilet paper or stool.

Internal hemmeroid are usually painless since the visceral nerves that are above the dentate line do not sense pain, only pressure. Therefore you usually cant feel and obviously cant see this type of hemmeroids. And because internal anal membranes lack pain-sensitive nerve fibers, this internal hemmeroid usually don't cause discomfort. Sometimes these swollen veins remain prolapsed temporarily but in other cases, they become permanent. If the hemmeroids remains outside the anus, it can cause pain, itching, bleeding and the formation of excess skin or what we called skin tags.

In most cases internal hemmeroids can only cause discomfort only when, due to straining - it will push an internal hemmeroids through the anal opening and if this hemmeroids remains displaced it can cause pain and irritation. Straining and irritation from passing stool can injure a hemmeroid’s delicate surface. Hard stools that rubs against the internal hemmeroid during defecation is one of the main factor to cause bleeding hemmeroids.

Internal hemmeroids usually don't hurt or itch and you can't feel them because they are deep inside the rectum. Internal hemmeroid are pretty harmless but since their bleeding could mask blood from a dangerous source like colorectal cancer, they should be treated immediately or seek advise from a doctor.

Most common internal hemmeroids symptoms are painless bleeding and protrusion of hemmeroids during bowel movements. Also the presence of mucus of bright red blood on the toilet paper or in the toilet bowl after defecating. Sometimes presence of blood may also be visible on the surface of the stool. In addition, excessive straining, rubbing and cleaning with harsh toilet papers around the anus may cause irritation with bleeding and/or itching, which may produce a vicious cycle of internal hemmeroid symptoms.

Internal hemmeroids symptoms may also include:

    • Itching. It is a frequently complained because internal hemorrhoids often seep mucus, which can cause itching.
    • Skin irritation due to large bulging hemmeroids in the anus that may secrete mucus, causing mild irritation.
    • Discomfort - This uncomfortable feeling is caused by the bulging of the hemmeroid in the end portion of the large intestine. Mostly, the larger the hemmeroids , the greater the discomfort.
    • Feeling of vague anal discomfort especially if it protrudes
    • Feeling of fullness after a bowel movement.

Internal hemmeroids can also be assessed and treated according to :

    o First-degree internal hemmeroids do not bulge from the anus.
    o Second-degree internal hemeoids bulge from the anus during bowel movements but go back into the anus afterward on their own.
    o Third-degree internal hemmeroids bulge from the anus during bowel movements, but they can be pushed back into the anus.
    o Fourth-degree internal hemmeriods may bulge outside the anus all the time.

Although most internal hemmeroids are not painful, large hemmeroids that are bulging from the anus may become very painful if they swell and are pressed and squeezed by the muscles that control the anus during bowel movement. This internal hemmeroid that protrude outside the anus, most likely to appear like a small, grape-like masses - and are most likely to cause severe pain. Hemmeroid treatments are still recommended as early as possible in order to avoid internal hemmeroids from getting worse.

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